Alžbeta Kiráľová
Iveta Hamarneh
University College of Business in Prague, Spálená 14, 110 00 Prague, Czech Republic
DOI: https://doi.org/10.31410/ITEMA.2018.125
2nd International Scientific Conference on Recent Advances in Information Technology, Tourism, Economics, Management and Agriculture – ITEMA 2018 – Graz, Austria, November 8, 2018, CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS published by the Association of Economists and Managers of the Balkans, Belgrade, Serbia; ISBN 978-86-80194-13-4
2nd International Scientific Conference on Recent Advances in Information Technology, Tourism, Economics, Management and Agriculture – ITEMA 2018 – Graz, Austria, November 8, 2018, CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS published by the Association of Economists and Managers of the Balkans, Belgrade, Serbia; ISBN 978-86-80194-13-4
Abstract
Tourism is an integral part of the global economy, and it is expanding rapidly. This growth is accompanied by challenges, among which overtourism is one of the most discussed.
Tourism is attracted to urban areas mostly as a result of the built cultural heritage, urban amenities, lifestyle, cultural traditions, and cultural events. An increasing number of visitors often led to inconvenience for residents and can affect the value of the visited site. Sustainable development is from this aspect a way how to manage tourism development in the destinations so that they remain competitive.
Prague and Budapest are both Capital cities and are one of the most visited urban destinations in their respective countries.
Indicators as Tourist intensity ratio, Tourist density ratio, Tourist penetration ratio, and Defert´s tourism function index, Defert-Baretje’s index, Charvat´s index, and Schneider’s index were calculated based on the data from 2017 to detect the current state of the intensity of visitors flow in the selected destinations.
Based on the results obtained in this study, it can be stated that urban tourism in Prague and Budapest will be challenged in its competitiveness if the number of arrivals with no attention to the quality of visits will continue to prioritize.
Tourism is attracted to urban areas mostly as a result of the built cultural heritage, urban amenities, lifestyle, cultural traditions, and cultural events. An increasing number of visitors often led to inconvenience for residents and can affect the value of the visited site. Sustainable development is from this aspect a way how to manage tourism development in the destinations so that they remain competitive.
Prague and Budapest are both Capital cities and are one of the most visited urban destinations in their respective countries.
Indicators as Tourist intensity ratio, Tourist density ratio, Tourist penetration ratio, and Defert´s tourism function index, Defert-Baretje’s index, Charvat´s index, and Schneider’s index were calculated based on the data from 2017 to detect the current state of the intensity of visitors flow in the selected destinations.
Based on the results obtained in this study, it can be stated that urban tourism in Prague and Budapest will be challenged in its competitiveness if the number of arrivals with no attention to the quality of visits will continue to prioritize.
Key words
Urban Tourism, Competitiveness, Overtourism, Sustainable Development, Prague, Budapest
References
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[2] Sharpley, R. – Telfer, D. J. (2002) Tourism and Development: Concepts and Issues. Channel View Publications: Clevedon.
[3] Delitheou, V. – Vinieratou, M. – Touri, M. (2010) The contribution of public and private investments to the growth of conference tourism in Greece. In Management Research and Practice, 2(2), pp. 165-178.
[4] ECM (2018) The European Cities Marketing Benchmarking Report. 14th Official Eddition 2017-2018. Dijon: European Cities Marketing.
[5] Dupeyras, A. – Maccallum, N. (2013) Indicators for Measuring Competitiveness in Tourism: A Guidance Document. [online]. OECD Tourism Papers, 2013/02, OECD Publishing.
[6] World Tourism Organization and World Tourism Cities Federation (2018) UNWTO/WTCF City Tourism Performance Research, UNWTO, Madrid, DOI: https://doi.org/10.18111/9789284419616.
[7] World Travel and Tourism Council. City Travel & Tourism Impact 2018 Highlights. [online]. [quoted to 01. 06. 2018]. Available at: https://www.wttc.org/-/media/files/reports/economic-impact-research/cities-2018/city-travel-and-tourism-2018-highlights.pdf
[8] Buhalis, D. (2000) Marketing the competitive destination of the future. In Tourism Management, 21, pp. 97-116.
[9] Crouch, G. (2011) Destination competitiveness: An analysis of determinant attributes. In Journal of Travel Research, 50(1), pp. 27-45.
[10] Dwyer, L. – Kim, C. (2003) Destination competitiveness: Determinants and indicators. In Current Issues in Tourism, 6(5), pp. 369-414.
[11] Vanhove, N. (2011) The Economics of Tourism Destinations. New York: Routledge, 2011. ISBN 978-0-08-096996-1.
[12] Bovaird, T. (1993) Analysing urban economic development. In Urban Studies, 30(4-5), pp. 631- 658, doi 10.1080/00420989320081851.
[13] Cheshire, P. C. – Gordon, I. R. (1998) Territorial competition: some lessons for policy. In The Annals of Regional Science, 32, pp. 321-346.
[14] Lever, W. F. (1993) Competition within the European urban system. In Urban Studies, 30, pp. 935 – 948.
[15] Meijer, M. (1993) Growth and decline of European cities: changing positions of cities in Europe. In Urban Studies, 30, pp. 981-990.
[16] Sinkienè, J. (2008) Miesto konkurencingumo veiksniai. In Viešoji politika ir administrevimas, nr. 25, pp. 67 – 82.
[17] Kresl, P. – Singh, B. (2012) Urban competitiveness and US metropolitan centers. In Urban Studies, 49, pp. 239-254.
[18] McKinsey&Company (2017) Coping with Success Managing Overcrowding in Tourism Destinations. World Travel and Tourism Council. [online]. [quoted to 20. 09. 2018].Available at: https://www.wttc.org/-/media/files/reports/policy-research/coping-with-success—managing-overcrowding-in-tourism-destinations-2017.pdf.
[19] De Albuquerque, K. – McElroy, J. L. (1992) Caribbean small‐island tourism styles and sustainable strategies. In Environmental Management. 16(5), pp. 619‐632.
[20] Jansen-Verbeke, M. – Spee, R. (1995) A regional analysis of tourist flows within Europe. In Tourism Management. 16(1), pp. 73-80.
[21] McElroy, J. (2003) Tourism Development in Small Islands across the World. In Geografiska Annaler. 85 B (4), pp. 231-242.
[22] Smith, M. D. – Krannich, R. S. (1998) Tourism Dependence and Resident Attitudes. In Annals of Tourism Research. Volume 25, Issue 4, 15 October, pp.783–802.
[23] Dorfman, D. (1998) Mapping Community Assets Workbook. Portland: Northwest Regional Educational Laboratory.
[24] Moore, S. (2012) Cultural Mapping: Building and Fostering Strong Communities. In D. Borwick (Ed.) Building Communities, Not Audiences: The Future of the Arts in the United States. Winston-Salem: ArtsEngaged.
[25] CzechTourism (2018) Návštěvnost turistických cílů 2017 [online]. [quoted to 20. 09. 2018]. Available at: https://www.czechtourism.cz/getattachment/Pro-media/Tiskove-zpravy/Navstevnost-turistickych-cilu-v-CR-lakaji-historic/Czech_Tourism_nej_turisticke_cile.pdf.aspx?ext=.pdf.
[26] CSO (2018) Regionální časové řady. [online]. [quoted to 20. 09. 2018]. Available at: https://www.czso.cz/csu/czso/regionalni_casove_rady.
[27] MRD (2018) Statistiky a analýzy. [online]. [quoted to 01. 06. 2018]. Available at: https://www.mmr.cz/cs/Regionalni-politika-a-cestovni-ruch/Cestovni-ruch/Statistiky-Analyzy.
[28] Prague City Tourism (2018a). Statistiky a analýzy. [online]. [quoted to 01. 06. 2018]. Available at: https://www.praguecitytourism.cz/cs/nase-cinnost/statistiky.
[29] Prague City Tourism (2018b) V roce 2017 přijelo do Prahy přes 7,5 milionu návštěvníků. [online]. [quoted to 01. 06. 2018]. Available at: https://www.praguecitytourism.cz/cs/media/tisk/v-roce-2017-prijelo-do-prahy-pres-75-milionu-navstevniku-14636.
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[32] Numbeo (2018) Quality of Life Comparison Between Prague and Budapest. Belgrade-Zvezdara: Numbeo. [online]. [quoted to 01. 06. 2018]. Available at: https://www.numbeo.com/quality-of-life/compare_cities.jsp?country1=Czech+Republic&country2=Hungary&city1=Prague&city2=Budapest&tracking=getDispatchComparison.
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[35] Kádár, B. (2018) Hogyan használják a turisták Budapest, Bécs és Prága városi tereit? [online]. [quoted to 12. 11. 2018]. Available at: https://osszkep.hu/2016/10/hogyan-hasznaljak-a-turistak-budapest-becs-es-praga-varosi-tereit/
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